Overcoming chemoresistance in non-angiogenic colorectal cancer by metformin via inhibiting endothelial apoptosis and vascular immaturity / 药物分析学报

The development of chemoresistance which results in a poor prognosis often renders current treatments for colorectal cancer(CRC).In this study,we identified reduced microvessel density(MVD)and vascular immaturity resulting from endothelial apoptosis as therapeutic targets for overcoming chemoresistance.We focused on the effect of metformin on MVD,vascular maturity,and endothelial apoptosis of CRCs with a non-angiogenic phenotype,and further investigated its effect in overcoming chemoresistance.In situ transplanted cancer models were established to compare MVD,endothelial apoptosis and vascular maturity,and function in tumors from metformin-and vehicle-treated mice.An in vitro co-culture system was used to observe the effects of metformin on tumor cell-induced endothelial apoptosis.Transcriptome sequencing was performed for genetic screening.Non-angiogenic CRC developed inde-pendently of angiogenesis and was characterized by vascular leakage,immaturity,reduced MVD,and non-hypoxia.This phenomenon had also been observed in human CRC.Furthermore,non-angiogenic CRCs showed a worse response to chemotherapeutic drugs in vivo than in vitro.By suppressing endo-thelial apoptosis,metformin sensitized non-angiogenic CRCs to chemo-drugs via elevation of MVD and improvement of vascular maturity.Further results showed that endothelial apoptosis was induced by tumor cells via activation of caspase signaling,which was abrogated by metformin administration.These findings provide pre-clinical evidence for the involvement of endothelial apoptosis and subsequent vascular immaturity in the chemoresistance of non-angiogenic CRC.By suppressing endothelial apoptosis,metformin restores vascular maturity and function and sensitizes CRC to chemotherapeutic drugs via a vascular mechanism.

Interpretation of the clinical guideline for point-of-care ultrasonography in the neonatal intensive care unit in the United States / 中国当代儿科杂志

In December 2022, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a clinical guideline for point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The guideline outlined the development and current status of POCUS in the NICU, and summarized the key elements and implementation guidelines for successful implementation of POCUS in the NICU. This article provides an overview of the key points of the clinical guideline and analyzes the current status of POCUS in China, providing a reference for the implementation of POCUS in neonatal care in China.

Association between ureaplasma urealyticum colonization in respiratory tract and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight infants / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) colonization in the respiratory tract and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight infants.Methods:This was a retrospective study involving preterm infants with gestational age <28 weeks or birth weight <1 000 g who was hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital from June 2019 to March 2022. Respiratory tract secretion was collected for UU DNA detection within 24 h after admission. All the participants were divided into the UU-positive or negative groups based on the detection results. Clinical characteristics of the two groups were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, t-, or Chi-square tests (Fisher exact test). Results:A total of 82 infants were enrolled, including 31 cases (37.8%) in the UU-positive group and 51 patients (62.2%) in the negative group. Among the 30 cases treated with azithromycin in the positive group, 27 (90.0%, 27/30) turned negative after two courses of treatment. The rates of premature rupture of membranes [51.6% (16/31) vs 17.6% (9/51), χ2=10.50] and prenatal antibiotic exposure [71.0% (22/31) vs 47.1% (24/51), χ2=4.47] in the UU-positive group were both higher than those in the UU-negative group (both P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that premature rupture of membranes ( OR=5.893, 95% CI: 2.016-17.228) and gestational age ( OR=0.663, 95% CI: 0.441-0.999) were independent risk factors for UU colonization (both P<0.05). UU-positive group had a longer duration of oxygen use [ M ( P25- P75), 1 756 h (1 385-2 088 h) vs 1 357 h (1 128-1 656 h), Z=2.98], a longer length of hospital stay [81 d (70-105 d) vs 68 d (59-84 d), Z=3.05], and higher hospitalization costs [(201 574±70 326) yuan vs (161 288±53 412) yuan, t=－2.74] compared to the UU negative group (all P<0.05). The incidence of BPD [74.2% (23/31) vs 47.1% (24/51), χ2=5.80] and retinopathy of prematurity [93.4% (29/31) vs 74.5% (38/51), χ2=4.68] in the UU positive group was higher than those in the UU-negative group (both P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between UU colonization and the severity of BPD ( P>0.05). Conclusion:UU colonization may increase the incidence of BPD, but there was no clear correlation with the severity of BPD.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of neonatal refractory respiratory failure: experience of a single center in Southwest China / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To summarize the clinical experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for neonatal refractory respiratory failure in a single medical center of Southwest China.Methods:From June 2020 to November 2021, the clinical data of neonates with refractory respiratory failure who received ECMO in the neonatal department of our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The neonates were assigned into the survival group and the deceased group.Their general profile, clinical diagnosis, laboratory tests, ECMO operation, complications and prognosis were compared.Results:Eight neonates were included with five successfully withdrawal of ECMO and survived (5/8). For the three deceased neonates, two discontinued treatment because of intraventricular hemorrhage (grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ) and one confirmed congenital adrenal hyperplasia. No significant differences existed between the survival and the deceased groups in oxygenation index (OI), ECMO preparation and operation duration, usage of heparin, red blood cell suspension, platelet and sedative/analgesic drugs, therapeutic hypothermia and ECMO-associated complications. However, the deceased group had high OI values ( P=0.001), low lactate clearance ( P=0.005), more urine output during the first 24 h after ECMO ( P=0.046) and more fresh frozen plasma usage ( P=0.038). None of the five surviving children had significant developmental delay and neurological abnormalities during the 1-year follow-up. Conclusions:ECMO is effective treating neonatal refractory respiratory failure. Reducing the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage during ECMO may improve the survival rate.

Seed oil of Brucea javanica induces apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in acute lymphocytic leukemia Jurkat cells / 中国天然药物

Brucea javanica oil emulsion (BJOE) has been used to treat tumor in China for more than 40 years. However, its components and effectiveness in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its mechanism of anti-cancer activity remain unknown. In the current study, high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) was used to analyze the components of BJOE. Then, the anti-leukemia effects of BJOE were examined both in vitro and in vivo using ALL Jurkat cells and the p388 mouse leukemia transplant model, respectively. The primary ALL leukemia cells were also used to confirm the anti-leukemia effects of BJOE. The apoptotic-related results indicated that BJOE induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells and were suggestive of intrinsic apoptotic induction. Moreover, BJOE inhibited Akt (protein kinase B) activation and upregulated its downstream targets p53 and FoxO1 (forkhead box gene, group O-1) to initiate apoptosis. The activation of GSK3β was also involved. Our findings demonstrate that BJOE has anti-leukemia effects on ALL cells and can induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells through the phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K) /Akt signaling pathway.

Spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging: methods and applications / 生理学报

Spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an advanced imaging technique (mainly in the cervical cord) and has been gradually used in basic scientific research such as human sensation and motor function, and clinical applications such as spinal cord injury, myelitis, and chronic pain, etc. The development of spinal cord MRI is still at the early stage compared with brain MRI and limited by the current MRI technology and data analysis methods. This review focuses on the methods and applications of spinal cord MRI technology in the basic research fields of cognitive neuroscience and clinical application. Firstly, we will introduce the imaging principle, methods, measurement standards, and applications of most commonly used multimodal spinal cord MRI techniques, including quantitative spinal cord MRI (such as structural, diffusion, spectroscopy, myelin water, magnetization transfer, and chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging, etc.) and spinal functional MRI (fMRI). Secondly, we will discuss the technical challenges and possible solutions of spinal cord MRI data processing from the three dimensions of denoising, data processing pipeline optimization, and repeatability and reliability. Finally, we will discuss the application status and development prospects of spinal cord MRI.

Drug resistance analysis of influenza virus to neuraminidase inhibitor from 2018 to 2019 in Hebei Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze the resistance of influenza virus to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) in Hebei province during 2018-2019. Methods Virus were collected from the Hebei Influenza Surveillance Network during 2018-2019. A total of 36 confirmed influenza viruses (with 25 H1pdm09 and 11 H3N2) were selected to test resistance to oseltamivir and zanamivi with fluorescence (FL). Results All 36 influenza viruses tested were sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir. The median half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for oseltamivir of H1pdm09 and H3N2 were of 0.50 nM (range 0.07-1.14 nM) and 0.25 nM (range 0.09-0.69 nM) respectively, while 0.29 nM (range 0.09-0.85 nM) and 0.87(range 0.17-1.81 nM) for zanamivir, all were within 10 fold IC50 of the reference virus (corresponding type). Conclusion All the tested influenza strains isolated in Hebei province during 2018-2019 were sensitive to NAI.

Analysis on Chemical Characteristics of Lycii Fructus in Qinghai Province Based on 1H-NMR Plant Metabolomics / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The chemical differences of Lycii Fructus samples from Qinghai, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia provinces were compared based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) plant metabolomics. Method:A total of 97 Lycii Fructus samples from five provinces were collected, including 61 samples in Qinghai, and extracted by 50% methanol for detecting. 1H-NMR spectra were obtained and compared by multivariate statistical analysis for investigating the chemical differences of samples from Qinghai and other production areas. And the content of Lycii Fructus polysaccharides in all samples was determined with the wavelength of 490 nm (calculated by anhydrous glucose). Result:A total of 32 chemical components were detected in the Lycii Fructus extract by 1H-NMR. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference among the samples from five provinces. The difference between Lycii Fructus from Qinghai and Ningxia, as well as the samples among the six regions of Qinghai province were relatively small. The similarity values of the majority of samples were >0.85. Univariate analysis showed that no significant difference was observed for the most metabolites in Lycii Fructus collected from five provinces, except for sucrose, glucose, proline and so on. There was no significant difference in the content of Lycii Fructus polysaccharides between Qinghai and other provinces. And the correlation coefficient between the content of Lycii Fructus polysaccharides and the small molecular compounds identified by 1H-NMR was -0.2-0.4. Conclusion:In this study, chemical characteristics of Lycii Fructus in Qinghai province are analyzed from the holistic view by 1H-NMR plant metabolomics, in combination of polysaccharide determination, and the results show that there is no significant difference between samples from Qinghai and other four provinces. The quality evaluation method based on 1H-NMR established in this study can provide scientific basis for improving quality control level and selecting planting areas of Lycii Fructus.

Turning over rough surface of aponeurosis of gastrocnemius with fascia lata graft for Achilles tendon rerupture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effects of turning over rough surface of aponeurosis of gastrocnemius with fascia graft for Achilles tendon rerupture.@*METHODS@#From July 2013 to April 2017, 11 patients with Achilles tendon reruptures were repaired by turning over rough surface of aponeurosis of gastrocnemius with fascia graft, including 10 males and 1 female aged from 25 to 48 years old. The patients were all manifested weakness of plantar flexion strength injured foot, and positive of single heel rise test before operation. Postoperative complications was observed, and AOFAS score at 6 months after operation was applied to evaluate clinical efficacy.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 6 to 11 months. All wound were healed at stage I without skin necrosis, wound infection, deep vein thrombosis and rerupture. The length of tendon defect ranged from 4 to 7 cm, the full weight-bearing time ranged from 8 to 11 weeks. Postoperative AOFAS score at 6 months was for 79 to 100, and 9 patients got excellent results, and 2 good.@*CONCLUSIONS@#For patients with recurrent ruptures of Achilles tendon, turning over rough surface of aponeurosis of gastrocnemius with fascia graft has advantages of stable repair, less complications and good recovery of function.

Two new C steroidal glycosides isolated from Cynanchum komarovii / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to further investigate the C steroidal glycosides in Cynanchum plants. Two new steroidal glycosides based on a 13, 14:14, 15-disecopregnane-type aglycone, komaroside P (1) and komaroside Q (2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the whole herbs of Cynanchum komarovii. The aglycones of compounds 1 and 2 were two new disecopregnane. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data and acid hydrolysis. All the compounds (1-5) showed potent inhibitory activities against human leukemia cell lines (HL-60) with IC values ranging from 16.6 to 26.3 μmol·L, compared to the positive control 5-fluorouracil (6.4 μmol·L).

Two new C steroidal glycosides isolated from Cynanchum komarovii / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to further investigate the C steroidal glycosides in Cynanchum plants. Two new steroidal glycosides based on a 13, 14:14, 15-disecopregnane-type aglycone, komaroside P (1) and komaroside Q (2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the whole herbs of Cynanchum komarovii. The aglycones of compounds 1 and 2 were two new disecopregnane. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data and acid hydrolysis. All the compounds (1-5) showed potent inhibitory activities against human leukemia cell lines (HL-60) with IC values ranging from 16.6 to 26.3 μmol·L, compared to the positive control 5-fluorouracil (6.4 μmol·L).

Design of multi-functional forceps / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To introduce the design of a multi-functional medical forceps which containing the functions of cutting , easily conversion between tooth forceps and toothless forceps .Methods To design a multi-functional medical forceps ,including forceps arm ,blade groove,blade retaining plate,first magnet,forceps rotating parts,fixed plate groove,second magnets,forceps groove,slider,metal sleeve and two protection slot,which containing the functions of cutting ,easily conversion between tooth forceps and toothless forceps ,and so on.Results The multifunctional medical forceps can prevent unstable tissue clamp and achieve the conversion between tooth forceps and toothless forceps . Moreover,the cutting function can be achieved when the tissue is to be cut .Conclusion The multi-functional medical forceps can theoreti-cally solve the problems caused by the traditional forceps in the exchange of instruments , and it can save the time of changing medical ma-chinery so as to achieving the purpose of reducing the operation time and improving the operation efficiency .

Progress on magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the articular cartilage of the knee joint / 中国骨伤

The reasonable selection of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scan sequence and parameters is very important for the objective evaluation of the results of clinical study and high quality imaging. The semi quantitative scoring system of total knee joint including Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score, Boston Leeds Osteoarthritis Knee Score, MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score, Cartilage Repair Osteoarthritis Knee Score and so on. They can fully evaluate the imaging changes of various organs during the development of knee osteoarthritis. With the continuous development of MRI technology, the morphological and physiological changes of articular cartilage can be quantitatively assessed. T2 mapping, Diffusion Weighted Imaging, and delayed Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI of Cartilage can be quantitatively monitoring changes in cartilage matrix components. These quantitative and semi quantitative evaluation techniques are helpful to detect OA in its early stage, guide clinical early intervention, and also provide the possibility for the accurate evaluation of the therapeutic effect.

Analysis of the results of 838 cases of myocardial injury markers in neonates / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and significance of myocardial injury markers in neonates.Methods A retrospective analysis of 838 cases of myocardial injury markers in neonates,the total positive rate of hs -cTnI and the positive rates of hs -cTnI(hypersensitivity cardiac troponin I)in different kinds of neonatal disease were calculated,the levels of abnormalities consistent rate in hs -cTnI and CK -MBmass(creatine kinase MB mass)were compared with hs -cTnI and MYO(Myoglobin).Results The total positive rate of hs -cTnI was 40.33% in the 838 neonates.The highest incidence of myocardial injury was neonatal sepsis (57.14%),followed by neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage (55.56%)and neonatal convulsions (54.55%).The abnormalities consistent rate of hs -cTnI and CK -MBmass was better than hs -cTnI and MYO (85.50% vs 28.11%,χ2 =226.9,P <0.05). Conclusion Neonatal hospitalized children often complicated by myocardial injury;As a biochemical myocardial injury marker,the hs -cTnI detection is important for early detection of myocardial injury,it should be recommend as routine test items;CK -MBmass has better correlation with hs -cTnI than MYO,which can provide guide for doctors to interpret the data of myocardial injury markers.

Effect of two Pi deficiency syndrome models on the configuration and function of the skeletal muscle in mice / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the relation between Pi deficiency syndrome (PDS) and the configuration and functions of extensor digitorum longus (EDL)and soleus (SOL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 36 ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups according to weight matching principle, the control group, the exhausted group, and the rhubarb group, 12 in each group. Two PDS models were established by either purgation with rhubarb diarrhea (as Group A) or exhausted swimming plus sleep deprivation (as Group B).The cross sectional area (CSA) of type I and II fibers of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL), relative proportions of type I and II fibers were measured by m-ATPase histochemical method. The isotonic contraction and the maximum tetanus contraction of EDL and SOL were detected by PowerLab system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the body weight, body temperature, and the general health condition of PDS model rats obviously decreased; the spleen index and the thymus index were also lower; the maximal isotonic contraction and the maximum tetanus contraction obviously decreased; the cross section areas of EDL and SOL were reduced with loosely arranged cells. In EDL, the proportion of type I fibers was added and the proportion of type II fibers was lowered. In SOL, there was no change in the proportion of type I and type II fibers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EDL and SOL were obviously atrophied in the two PDS model mice. The type I fibers of SOL was more significantly atrophied in Group B.</p>

Detection of respiratory viruses in influenza-like illness in Shijiazhuang, China in 2011 / 病毒学报

This study aimed to investigate viral infections and the prevalence of influenza-like illness (ILI) in Shijiazhuang, China, in 2011 and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and control of respiratory tract infections. Throat swab specimens were collected from 483 cases of ILI who were outpatients in the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Shijiazhuang between January and December 2011. All specimens were examined by multiplex RT-PCR for the following 15 respiratory tract viruses: adenovirus (ADV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human parainfluenza virus (PIV types 1-4), influenza virus A (FluA), influenza virus B (FluB), human enterovirus (HEV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV-A and -B), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV-229E/NL63 and -OC43/HKU1), and human bocavirus (HBoV). Among the 483 cases of ILI, 214 (44.31%) were positive for viruses, including ADV (8.7%), HEV (8.7%), RSV-A (8.07%), HRV (7.45%), FluA (5.38%), HCoV-OC43/ HKU1 (2.9%), PIV-3 (2.9%), HMPV (1.86%), PIV-1 (1.24%), HCoV-229E/NL63 (1.04%), PIV-2 (1.04%), HBoV (0.83%), and FluB (0.41%). Twenty-six (5.38%) of all cases were co-infected with two or more viruses, most commonly HEV/HRV with other viruses. Cases of viral infection were detected throughout the year, with peaks in January and February. ADV and HRV were detected throughout almost the whole year without obvious seasonality. HEV was detected between April and November, with a peak of prevalence in summer and autumn. FluA and FluB reached epidemic levels mainly in winter and spring. All cases of RSV were identified to be subtype A. PIV infection was mainly caused by PIV-3. The positive rate of HCoV-OC43/HKU1 infection was significantly higher than that of HCoV-229E/NL63. The leading five viruses that resulted in ILI Shijiazhuang in 2011 were HEV, ADV, RSV-A, HRV, and FluA, and these viruses have different epidemiological features.

Changes in perinatal care and predictors of in-hospital mortality for very low birth weight preterm infants

Mortality of very low birth weight premature infants is of great public health concern. To better guide local intervention program, it is essential that current and reliable statistics be collected to understand the factors associated with mortality of these infants. Data of very low birth weight premature infants admitted to a neonatal unit during 2002-2009 was retrospectively collected. Changes in perinatal care between two halves of the study period [2002-2005 and 2006-2009] were identified. Factors associated with in-hospital mortality were found by logistic regression and a predictive score model was established. A total of 475 cases were enrolled. In-hospital mortality decreased from 29.8% in 2002-2005 to 28.1% in 2006-2009 [P>0.05]. More infants born<28 gestational weeks survived to discharge in the latter epoch [38.1% vs. 8.3%, P<0.05]. Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn, pulmonary hemorrhage, birth weight <1000 grams, gestational age <33 weeks, feeding before 3 postnatal days and enteral feeding were found predictors of in-hospital mortality by logistic regression. The discriminating ability of the predictive model was 82.4% and the cutoff point was -0.56. Survival of very low birth weight premature neonates was not significantly improved in 2006-2009 than 2002-2005. Infants with a score higher than -0.56 were assessed to be at high risk of in-hospital mortality. Multi-center studies of planned follow-up are needed to develop a comprehensive and applicable score system

Comparisons of multiple characteristics between young and old lung cancer patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Risk factors that contribute to younger patients with lung cancer are still relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics, histological types, stages at diagnosis, treatment modalities and survival rates between young and old patients with lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study was designed as a retrospective review of all lung cancer patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 1998 to 2008. Survival analyses using univariate and multivariate approaches were performed to compare the survival rates between different age groups and to discover potential prognostic factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>This research included 3320 patients with primary lung cancer, of whom 626 (18.8%) were 45 years old or younger at the time of diagnosis. The percentage of smokers and the male to female ratios between the young and old patient groups were 51.27% vs. 70.6% (P < 0.001) and 1.99 vs. 2.13 (P = 0.4801), respectively. The young patient group had a higher incidence of adenocarcinoma and fewer surgeries. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates in the young patient group were generally lower than those of the old patient group, with significant differences (P = 0.0232). The clinical stage of the tumor was a prognostic factor for both non-small cell lung cancer patients (P < 0.0001) and small cell lung cancer patients (P = 0.0002). Symptoms, diagnostic method, histology, smoking, treatment modality and body mass index were shown to have significant relationships with the survival of lung cancer patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with lung cancer who are younger than 45 years old might have a significantly poorer prognosis than that of older patients. Symptoms, diagnosis method, histology, smoking, treatment modality and body mass index can be independent prognostic factors for lung cancer.</p>

Relationship between elderly hip fracture and osteoporosis / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between elderly hip fracture and osteoporosis.Methods 85 elderly patients with hip fractures were admitted into our hospital from January 2009 to March 2012.Mineral density in bones and the concentration of biochemical markers Ⅰ collagen such as hydroxy terminal peptide (crosslaps) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) in urine sample of the patients were measured.Another 60 non-hip fracture patients were selected as controls.Results Bone mineral density from the non-hip-fractured group appeared significantly higher than the hip-fractured group (P＜0.05),while the concentration of crosslaps and DPD in the urine of patients were significantly higher than the normal control group (P＜0.05),suggesting that the patients suffered from osteoporosis were more prone to hip fracture.Conclusion Although the hip fracture in the elderly was generally caused by trauma while factors as bone mineral density,concentration of crosslaps and DPD showed that osteoporosis played an important ‘internal’ role on hip fractures in the elderly.Attention should be paid to the elderly people with symptoms of osteoporosis and early treatment provided,to prevent hip fracture in this populaton.

The characteristics of type I, III collagen and LN in pulmonary fibrosis induced by uranium ore dust in rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the characteristics of LN and type I, III collagen in pulmonary fibrosis induced by uranium ore dust in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>60 adult Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups, control group (30 rats) and uranium ore dust group (30 rats). Non-exposed intratracheal instillation method was used. Uranium ore dust group was exposed 20 mg/ml uranium ore dust suspension 1ml per rat, meanwhile control group was exposed normal saline 1ml per rat. Post-exposed the 7, 14, 21, 30 and 60 d, 6 rats in each group were killed randomly, lung tissue were collected. The pathological changes in lung tissue were observed by microscope using HE staining, the collagen I and III in lungs were observed by polarizing microscope using Biebrich scarlet staining. The expression of LN protein in lung tissue was observed by immunohistochemistry-SP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During lung fibrosis, a large amount of the proliferated I and III collagen in lungs were observed. Post-exposure to uranium ore dust, the characteristics in proliferated collagen in lungs were type I collagen deposited in lung interstitium mainly in the early stage. The area percentage of collagen I and III was increased significantly at 7, 14, 21, 30 and 60d in the experimental group as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The over expression of LN in the lung tissue were observed. The expression of LN was distributed in the lung tissue as thickening of the linear or cluster. The integral optical density of LN was increased significantly at 21, 30 and 60 d in the experimental group as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>After exposure to uranium ore dust, the characteristics in proliferated collagen in lungs are the type of I collagen deposited in lung interstitium mainly in the early stage, while the type of III collagen increase significantly at the later period. The overexpression of LN exists in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. It suggests that LN has a role effect in the process of pulmonary fibrosis.</p>